CODE OF VIRGINIA (EFFECTIVE OCTOBER 1, 2016) RESTRICTIONS ON STUDENT SPEECH; LIMITATIONS (§ 23.1-401) No public institution of higher education shall impose restrictions on the time, place, and manner of student speech that (i) occurs in the outdoor areas of the institution’s campus and (ii) is protected by the First Amendment to the United States Constitution unless the restrictions (a) are reasonable, (b) are justified without reference to the content of the regulated speech, (c) are narrowly tailored to serve a significant governmental interest, and (d) leave open ample alternative channels for communication of the information. HISTORY: 2014, c. 559, § 23-9.2:13; 2016, c. 588.