{"law_id":"769678","section_number":"46.2-1055","catch_line":"Windshield wipers","history":"Code 1950, \u00a7 46-296; 1958, c. 541, \u00a7 46.1-292; 1989, c. 727.","order_by":null,"metadata":false,"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"United States v. McHugh","case_number":"Action No. 3:08-CR-78","citation":"569 F. Supp. 2d 569","date":"2008-07-21","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2483326\/united-states-v-mchugh\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. . See, e.g., Va.Code \u00a7\u00a7 46.2-1042; 46.2-1048; 46.2-1055.1; 46.2-1056; 46.2-1057. Since \"registered .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"}},"official_url":"http:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/46.2-1055\/","refers_to":false,"url":"\/46.2-1055\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/6\/46.2-1055","structure":{"1":{"id":"1043","name":"Windshields And Windows","identifier":"6","label":"article","url":"\/46.2\/III\/10\/6\/"},"2":{"id":"12","name":"Motor Vehicle And Equipment Safety","identifier":"10","label":"chapter","url":"\/46.2\/III\/10\/"},"3":{"id":"11","name":"Operation","identifier":"III","label":"subtitle","url":"\/46.2\/III\/"},"4":{"id":"10","name":"Motor Vehicles","identifier":"46.2","label":"title","url":"\/46.2\/"}},"referred_to_by":false,"edition_id":"11","section_id":"769678","structure_id":"1043","full_text":"Every permanent windshield on a motor vehicle shall be equipped with a device for cleaning snow, rain, moisture, or other matter from the windshield directly in front of the driver. The device shall be so constructed as to be controlled or operated by the driver of the vehicle.  Every such device on a school bus or a vehicle designed or used to carry passengers for compensation or hire or as a public conveyance shall be of a mechanically or electrically operated type.  The device or devices on any motor vehicle manufactured or assembled after January 1, 1943, shall clean both the right and left sides of the windshield and shall be of a mechanically or electrically operated type.","text":{"0":{"id":"2480897","text":"Every permanent windshield on a motor vehicle shall be equipped with a device for cleaning snow, rain, moisture, or other matter from the windshield directly in front of the driver. The device shall be so constructed as to be controlled or operated by the driver of the vehicle.  Every such device on a school bus or a vehicle designed or used to carry passengers for compensation or hire or as a public conveyance shall be of a mechanically or electrically operated type.  The device or devices on any motor vehicle manufactured or assembled after January 1, 1943, shall clean both the right and left sides of the windshield and shall be of a mechanically or electrically operated type.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":{"1":{"id":"1043","name":"Windshields And Windows","identifier":"6","label":"article","url":"\/46.2\/III\/10\/6\/"},"2":{"id":"12","name":"Motor Vehicle And Equipment Safety","identifier":"10","label":"chapter","url":"\/46.2\/III\/10\/"},"3":{"id":"11","name":"Operation","identifier":"III","label":"subtitle","url":"\/46.2\/III\/"},"4":{"id":"10","name":"Motor Vehicles","identifier":"46.2","label":"title","url":"\/46.2\/"}},"structure_contents":{"0":{"id":"791572","structure_id":"1043","section_number":"46.2-1052","catch_line":"Tinting films, signs, decals, and stickers on windshields, etc.; penalties","url":"\/46.2-1052\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/6\/46.2-1052"},"1":{"id":"765875","structure_id":"1043","section_number":"46.2-1053","catch_line":"Equipping certain motor vehicles with sun-shading or tinting films or applications","url":"\/46.2-1053\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/6\/46.2-1053"},"2":{"id":"775921","structure_id":"1043","section_number":"46.2-1054","catch_line":"Suspension of objects or alteration of vehicle so as to obstruct driver's view","url":"\/46.2-1054\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/6\/46.2-1054"},"3":{"id":"769678","structure_id":"1043","section_number":"46.2-1055","catch_line":"Windshield wipers","url":"\/46.2-1055\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/6\/46.2-1055"},"4":{"id":"780189","structure_id":"1043","section_number":"46.2-1055.1","catch_line":"Windshield defroster or defogger","url":"\/46.2-1055.1\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/6\/46.2-1055.1"},"5":{"id":"770243","structure_id":"1043","section_number":"46.2-1056","catch_line":"When safety glass required","url":"\/46.2-1056\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/6\/46.2-1056"},"6":{"id":"770558","structure_id":"1043","section_number":"46.2-1057","catch_line":"Windshields","url":"\/46.2-1057\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/6\/46.2-1057"},"7":{"id":"778172","structure_id":"1043","section_number":"46.2-1058","catch_line":"Replacement of glass in vehicle","url":"\/46.2-1058\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/6\/46.2-1058"}},"previous_section":{"id":"775921","structure_id":"1043","section_number":"46.2-1054","catch_line":"Suspension of objects or alteration of vehicle so as to obstruct driver's view","url":"\/46.2-1054\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/6\/46.2-1054"},"next_section":{"id":"780189","structure_id":"1043","section_number":"46.2-1055.1","catch_line":"Windshield defroster or defogger","url":"\/46.2-1055.1\/","token":"46.2\/III\/10\/6\/46.2-1055.1"},"references":false,"formats":{"txt":"\/46.2-1055.txt","json":"\/46.2-1055.json","xml":"\/46.2-1055.xml"},"dublin_core":{"Title":"Windshield wipers","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 46.2-1055","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nWINDSHIELD WIPERS (\u00a7 46.2-1055)\n\nEvery permanent windshield on a motor vehicle shall be equipped with a device\nfor cleaning snow, rain, moisture, or other matter from the windshield directly\nin front of the driver. The device shall be so constructed as to be controlled\nor operated by the driver of the vehicle.  Every such device on a school bus or\na vehicle designed or used to carry passengers for compensation or hire or as a\npublic conveyance shall be of a mechanically or electrically operated type.  The\ndevice or devices on any motor vehicle manufactured or assembled after January\n1, 1943, shall clean both the right and left sides of the windshield and shall\nbe of a mechanically or electrically operated type.\n\nHISTORY: Code 1950, \u00a7 46-296; 1958, c. 541, \u00a7 46.1-292; 1989, c. 727."}