{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/30-122.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/30-122.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/30-122.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/30-122.html"}],"law_id":358436,"edition_id":2,"section_id":358436,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-122","catch_line":"Enforcement","history":"1987, Sp. Sess., c. 1, \u00a7 2.1-639.59; 2001, c. 844.","full_text":"The provisions of this chapter shall be enforced by the Attorney General. In addition to any other powers and duties prescribed by law, the Attorney General shall have the following powers and duties:\n\n1\n\nIf he determines that any legislator has knowingly violated any provision of this chapter, he shall designate an attorney for the Commonwealth who shall have complete and independent discretion in the prosecution of the legislator; and\n\n2\n\nHe shall render advisory opinions to any legislator who seeks advice as to whether the facts in a particular case would constitute a violation of the provisions of this chapter. He shall determine which of his opinions or portions thereof are of general interest to the public and which may, from time to time, be published.\n\t\t\tIrrespective of whether an opinion of the Attorney General has been requested and rendered, any legislator has the right to seek a declaratory judgment or other judicial relief as provided by law.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1333597,"text":"The provisions of this chapter shall be enforced by the Attorney General. In addition to any other powers and duties prescribed by law, the Attorney General shall have the following powers and duties:","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"next_prefix":"1"},"1":{"id":1333598,"text":"If he determines that any legislator has knowingly violated any provision of this chapter, he shall designate an attorney for the Commonwealth who shall have complete and independent discretion in the prosecution of the legislator; and","type":"section","prefixes":["1"],"prefix":"1","entire_prefix":"1","prefix_anchor":"1","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":"2"},"2":{"id":1333599,"text":"He shall render advisory opinions to any legislator who seeks advice as to whether the facts in a particular case would constitute a violation of the provisions of this chapter. He shall determine which of his opinions or portions thereof are of general interest to the public and which may, from time to time, be published.\n\t\t\tIrrespective of whether an opinion of the Attorney General has been requested and rendered, any legislator has the right to seek a declaratory judgment or other judicial relief as provided by law.","type":"section","prefixes":["2"],"prefix":"2","entire_prefix":"2","prefix_anchor":"2","level":1,"prior_prefix":"1"}},"ancestry":[{"id":51262,"edition_id":2,"name":"Disclosure Statements Required to Be Filed","identifier":"5","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":5,"parent_id":51257,"metadata":{"child_laws":24,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:39:54","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:32:01","permalink":{"id":1426427,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51262,"identifier":"5","token":"30\/13\/5","url":"\/30\/13\/5\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51257,"edition_id":2,"name":"General Assembly Conflicts of Interests Act","identifier":"13","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":18,"parent_id":51255,"metadata":{"child_laws":38,"child_structures":6},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:39:52","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:31:59","permalink":{"id":1426373,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51257,"identifier":"13","token":"30\/13","url":"\/30\/13\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":51255,"edition_id":2,"name":"General Assembly","identifier":"30","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":73,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":476,"child_structures":87},"date_created":"2026-08-02 02:39:52","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:31:55","permalink":{"id":1426021,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":51255,"identifier":"30","token":"30","url":"\/30\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":358418,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-109","catch_line":"Application","url":"\/30-109\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-109","metadata":false},{"id":358421,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-110","catch_line":"Disclosure","url":"\/30-110\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-110","metadata":false},{"id":358420,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-110.1","catch_line":"Report of gifts","url":"\/30-110.1\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-110.1","metadata":false},{"id":358423,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-111","catch_line":"Disclosure form","url":"\/30-111\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-111","metadata":false},{"id":358422,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-111.1","catch_line":"Disclosure form; filing requirements","url":"\/30-111.1\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-111.1","metadata":false},{"id":358424,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-112","catch_line":"Senate and House Ethics Advisory Panels; membership; terms; quorum; compensation and expenses","url":"\/30-112\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-112","metadata":false},{"id":358426,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-113","catch_line":"Powers and duties of Panel","url":"\/30-113\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-113","metadata":false},{"id":358425,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-113.1","catch_line":"Records","url":"\/30-113.1\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-113.1","metadata":false},{"id":358427,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-114","catch_line":"Filing of complaints; procedures; disposition","url":"\/30-114\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-114","metadata":false},{"id":358428,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-115","catch_line":"Subpoenas","url":"\/30-115\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-115","metadata":false},{"id":358429,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-116","catch_line":"Disposition of cases","url":"\/30-116\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-116","metadata":false},{"id":358430,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-117","catch_line":"Confidentiality of proceedings","url":"\/30-117\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-117","metadata":false},{"id":358431,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-118","catch_line":"Staff for Panel","url":"\/30-118\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-118","metadata":false},{"id":358432,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-119","catch_line":"Jurisdiction of Panel","url":"\/30-119\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-119","metadata":false},{"id":358434,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-120","catch_line":"Senate and House Committees on Standards of Conduct","url":"\/30-120\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-120","metadata":false},{"id":358435,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-121","catch_line":"Adoption of rules governing procedures and disciplinary sanctions","url":"\/30-121\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-121","metadata":false},{"id":358436,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-122","catch_line":"Enforcement","url":"\/30-122\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-122","metadata":false},{"id":358437,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-123","catch_line":"Knowing violation of chapter a misdemeanor","url":"\/30-123\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-123","metadata":false},{"id":358438,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-124","catch_line":"Advisory opinions","url":"\/30-124\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-124","metadata":false},{"id":358439,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-125","catch_line":"Invalidation of contract; recision of sales","url":"\/30-125\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-125","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Timothy Richardson v. Edward Thomas","case_number":"18-3","citation":"930 F.3d 587","date":"2019-07-12","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/4639217\/timothy-richardson-v-edward-thomas\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. TRAXLER, Senior Circuit Judge: .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"1":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. Atlantic Purchasers, Inc., Stella Maris Inn, Ltd. v. .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"82-1199(L), 82-1200, 82-1322","citation":"705 F.2d 712","date":"1983-04-14","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/417721\/atlantic-purchasers-inc-stella-maris-inn-ltd-v-aircraft-sales-inc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. ALBERT V. BRYAN, Senior Circuit Judge, .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"2":{"name":"A HELPING HAND, LLC v. Baltimore County, MD","case_number":"06-2026","citation":"515 F.3d 356","date":"2008-02-12","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1024999\/a-helping-hand-llc-v-baltimore-county-md\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 515 F.3d 356 (2008) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"3":{"name":"Liberty University, Inc. v. Geithner","case_number":"6:10-cv-00015-nkm","citation":"753 F. Supp. 2d 611","date":"2010-11-30","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2476661\/liberty-university-inc-v-geithner\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 753 F.Supp.2d 611 (2010) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, W.D. Virginia"},"4":{"name":"BMG Rights Management (US) LLC v. Cox Communications, Inc.","case_number":"Civil No. 1:14-cv-1611","citation":"149 F. Supp. 3d 634","date":"2015-12-01","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/7317239\/bmg-rights-management-us-llc-v-cox-communications-inc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. MEMORANDUM OPINION .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"}}}},{"id":358440,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-126","catch_line":"Civil penalty from violation of this chapter","url":"\/30-126\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-126","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Abdul Azim Jaghoori v. Eric Holder, Jr.","case_number":"13-1801","citation":"772 F.3d 764","date":"2014-11-18","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2752629\/abdul-azim-jaghoori-v-eric-holder-jr\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Petition for review granted and ease remanded by published opinion. Judge THACKER wrote the majority .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"1":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. Snider International Corporation v. Town of Forest Heights, .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"12-2490","citation":"739 F.3d 140","date":"2014-01-07","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2648383\/snider-international-corporation-v-town-of-forest-heights-md\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Affirmed by published opinion. Judge GREGORY wrote the opinion, in which Judge KING and Judge AGEE .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"2":{"name":"Magruder v. Com.","case_number":"Record 070762.; Record 070815.; Record 070817.","citation":"657 S.E.2d 113","date":"2008-02-29","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1058523\/magruder-v-com\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 657 S.E.2d 113 (2008) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"3":{"name":"United States v. Irek Hamidullin","case_number":"15-4788","citation":"888 F.3d 62","date":"2018-04-18","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/4487887\/united-states-v-irek-hamidullin\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. FLOYD, Circuit Judge: .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"4":{"name":"William MacDonald v. Tim Moose","case_number":"11-7427","citation":"710 F.3d 154","date":"2013-03-12","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/854980\/william-macdonald-v-tim-moose\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Reversed and remanded by published opinion. Judge KING wrote the majority opinion, in which Judge .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"5":{"name":"Ostergren v. McDonnell","case_number":"Civil Action 3:08cv362","citation":"643 F. Supp. 2d 758","date":"2009-06-02","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2577321\/ostergren-v-mcdonnell\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 643 F.Supp.2d 758 (2009) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"6":{"name":"Richmond Medical Center for Women v. Herring","case_number":"03-1821, 04-1255","citation":"570 F.3d 165","date":"2009-06-24","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1029238\/richmond-medical-center-for-women-v-herring\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. OPINION .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"7":{"name":"United States v. Hamidullin","case_number":"Case No. 3:14CR140-HEH","citation":"114 F. Supp. 3d 365","date":"2015-07-13","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/7314324\/united-states-v-hamidullin\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. MEMORANDUM OPINION .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"8":{"name":"Richmond Medical Center for Women v. Herring","case_number":"03-1821, 04-1255","citation":"527 F.3d 128","date":"2008-05-20","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1025760\/richmond-medical-center-for-women-v-herring\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Affirmed by published opinion. Judge MICHAEL wrote the majority opinion, in which Judge MOTZ joined. .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"},"9":{"name":"Watkins v. Cantrell","case_number":"83-1866","citation":"736 F.2d 933","date":"1984-06-06","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/437251\/watkins-v-cantrell\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 736 F.2d 933 .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"}}}},{"id":358441,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-127","catch_line":"Criminal prosecutions","url":"\/30-127\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-127","metadata":false},{"id":358442,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-128","catch_line":"Limitation of actions","url":"\/30-128\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-128","metadata":false},{"id":358449,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-129","catch_line":"Venue","url":"\/30-129\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-129","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":358435,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-121","catch_line":"Adoption of rules governing procedures and disciplinary sanctions","url":"\/30-121\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-121","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":358437,"structure_id":51262,"section_number":"30-123","catch_line":"Knowing violation of chapter a misdemeanor","url":"\/30-123\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-123","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/30-122\/","history_text":"<p>The record of this law\u2019s original creation isn\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2001, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?011+ful+CHAP0844\">844<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":358412,"section_number":"30-103","catch_line":"Prohibited conduct","order_by":null,"url":"\/30-103\/"},{"id":358438,"section_number":"30-124","catch_line":"Advisory opinions","order_by":null,"url":"\/30-124\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1426493,"object_type":"law","relational_id":358436,"identifier":"30-122","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-122","url":"\/30-122\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/30-122\/","token":"30\/13\/5\/30-122","dublin_core":{"Title":"Enforcement","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 30-122","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>The provisions of this chapter shall be enforced by the <span class=\"dictionary\">Attorney General<\/span>. In addition to any other powers and duties prescribed by <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span>, the <span class=\"dictionary\">Attorney General<\/span> shall have the following powers and duties:<\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"1\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">1.<\/span> If he determines that any <span class=\"dictionary\">legislator<\/span> has knowingly violated any provision of this chapter, he shall designate an attorney for the Commonwealth who shall have complete and independent discretion in the <span class=\"dictionary\">prosecution<\/span> of the <span class=\"dictionary\">legislator<\/span>; and <a id=\"paragraph-1333598\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/30-122\/#1\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"2\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">2.<\/span> He shall render advisory <span class=\"dictionary\">opinions<\/span> to any <span class=\"dictionary\">legislator<\/span> who seeks advice as to whether the <span class=\"dictionary\">facts<\/span> in a particular case would constitute a violation of the provisions of this chapter. He shall determine which of his <span class=\"dictionary\">opinions<\/span> or portions thereof are of general interest to the public and which may, from time to time, be published.\n\t\t\tIrrespective of whether an <span class=\"dictionary\">opinion<\/span> of the <span class=\"dictionary\">Attorney General<\/span> has been requested and rendered, any <span class=\"dictionary\">legislator<\/span> has the right to seek a <span class=\"dictionary\">declaratory judgment<\/span> or other judicial relief as provided by <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span>. <a id=\"paragraph-1333599\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/30-122\/#2\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nENFORCEMENT (\u00a7 30-122)\n\nThe provisions of this chapter shall be enforced by the Attorney General. In\naddition to any other powers and duties prescribed by law, the Attorney General\nshall have the following powers and duties:\n\n1. If he determines that any legislator has knowingly violated any provision of\nthis chapter, he shall designate an attorney for the Commonwealth who shall have\ncomplete and independent discretion in the prosecution of the legislator; and\n\n2. He shall render advisory opinions to any legislator who seeks advice as to\nwhether the facts in a particular case would constitute a violation of the\nprovisions of this chapter. He shall determine which of his opinions or portions\nthereof are of general interest to the public and which may, from time to time,\nbe published.\n\t\t\tIrrespective of whether an opinion of the Attorney General has been requested\nand rendered, any legislator has the right to seek a declaratory judgment or\nother judicial relief as provided by law.\n\nHISTORY: 1987, Sp. Sess., c. 1, \u00a7 2.1-639.59; 2001, c. 844.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}