{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/59.1-204.1.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/59.1-204.1.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/59.1-204.1.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/59.1-204.1.html"}],"law_id":372751,"edition_id":2,"section_id":372751,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-204.1","catch_line":"Tolling of limitation","history":"1988, c. 241; 1995, cc. 703, 726.","full_text":"A\n\nAny individual action pursuant to &#xA7; 59.1-204 for which the right to bring such action first accrues on or after July 1, 1995, shall be commenced within two years after such accrual. The cause of action shall accrue as provided in &#xA7; 8.01-230.\n\nB\n\nWhen any of the authorized government agencies files suit under this chapter, the time during which such governmental suit and all appeals therefrom is pending shall not be counted as any part of the period within which an action under &#xA7; 59.1-204 shall be brought.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1390089,"text":"Any individual action pursuant to &#xA7; 59.1-204 for which the right to bring such action first accrues on or after July 1, 1995, shall be commenced within two years after such accrual. The cause of action shall accrue as provided in &#xA7; 8.01-230.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":1390090,"text":"When any of the authorized government agencies files suit under this chapter, the time during which such governmental suit and all appeals therefrom is pending shall not be counted as any part of the period within which an action under &#xA7; 59.1-204 shall be brought.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":53029,"edition_id":2,"name":"Virginia Consumer Protection Act","identifier":"17","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":28,"parent_id":53010,"metadata":{"child_laws":15,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:10:03","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:36:25","permalink":{"id":1486777,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53029,"identifier":"17","token":"59.1\/17","url":"\/59.1\/17\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53010,"edition_id":2,"name":"Trade and Commerce","identifier":"59.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":127,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":861,"child_structures":141},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:09:52","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:36:19","permalink":{"id":1486523,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53010,"identifier":"59.1","token":"59.1","url":"\/59.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":372741,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-196","catch_line":"Title","url":"\/59.1-196\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-196","metadata":false},{"id":372742,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-197","catch_line":"Intent","url":"\/59.1-197\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-197","metadata":false},{"id":372743,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-198","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/59.1-198\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-198","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Saad Benkirane v. City Concrete Corp.","case_number":"1100244","citation":null,"date":"2025-07-29","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/10643502\/saad-benkirane-v-city-concrete-corp\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Court of Appeals\">COA<\/abbr>"},"1":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. H.D. Oliver Funeral Apartments, Inc. v. Dignity Funeral .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"Civil Action 2:97cv218","citation":"964 F. Supp. 1033","date":"1997-05-14","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1410013\/hd-oliver-funeral-apartments-inc-v-dignity-funeral-services-inc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 964 F.Supp. 1033 (1997) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"2":{"name":"Polk v. Crown Auto, Inc.","case_number":"4:99CV0011","citation":"110 F. Supp. 2d 455","date":"1999-11-16","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2568501\/polk-v-crown-auto-inc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 110 F.Supp.2d 455 (1999) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, W.D. Virginia"},"3":{"name":"Abi-Najm v. Concord Condominium, LLC","case_number":"091546","citation":"699 S.E.2d 483","date":"2010-09-16","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1058165\/abi-najm-v-concord-condominium-llc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 699 S.E.2d 483 (2010) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"4":{"name":"Lambert v. Downtown Garage, Inc.","case_number":"Record 003012","citation":"553 S.E.2d 714","date":"2001-11-02","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1059411\/lambert-v-downtown-garage-inc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 553 S.E.2d 714 (2001) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"5":{"name":"Nahigian v. Juno Loudoun, LLC","case_number":"1:09cv725 (JCC)","citation":"684 F. Supp. 2d 731","date":"2010-01-19","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1896277\/nahigian-v-juno-loudoun-llc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 684 F.Supp.2d 731 (2010) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"6":{"name":"McCaulley v. Purdue Pharma, L.P.","case_number":"2:01CV00080","citation":"172 F. Supp. 2d 803","date":"2001-11-15","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2309002\/mccaulley-v-purdue-pharma-lp\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 172 F.Supp.2d 803 (2001) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, W.D. Virginia"},"7":{"name":"Synergistic International, LLC v. Korman","case_number":"CIV.A. 2:05CV49","citation":"402 F. Supp. 2d 651","date":"2005-10-20","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2426432\/synergistic-international-llc-v-korman\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 402 F.Supp.2d 651 (2005) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"8":{"name":"Baker v. Elam","case_number":"Civil Action No. 3:12cv393-JAG","citation":"883 F. Supp. 2d 576","date":"2012-07-24","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/8718082\/baker-v-elam\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. MEMORANDUM OPINION .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"9":{"name":"Maple v. Colonial Orthopaedics, Inc. (In Re Maple)","case_number":"19-70499","citation":"434 B.R. 363","date":"2010-07-21","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2202725\/maple-v-colonial-orthopaedics-inc-in-re-maple\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 434 B.R. 363 (2010) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"United States Bankruptcy Court, E.D. Virginia"}}}},{"id":372744,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-199","catch_line":"Exclusions","url":"\/59.1-199\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-199","metadata":false},{"id":372746,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-200","catch_line":"Prohibited practices","url":"\/59.1-200\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-200","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"NC Financial Solutions v. Commonwealth","case_number":"190840","citation":null,"date":"2021-02-25","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/4858962\/nc-financial-solutions-v-commonwealth\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. PRESENT: All the Justices .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"1":{"name":"Manassas Autocars, Inc. v. Couth","case_number":"Record 061458.","citation":"645 S.E.2d 443","date":"2007-06-08","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1058633\/manassas-autocars-inc-v-couth\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 645 S.E.2d 443 (2007) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"2":{"name":"Paramount Builders, Inc. v. Commonwealth","case_number":"Record 991696","citation":"260 Va. 22","date":"2000-06-09","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1059588\/paramount-builders-inc-v-commonwealth\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. JUSTICE LACY .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"3":{"name":"Burke v. Thor Motor Coach, Inc.","case_number":"Case No. 3:15-cv-75","citation":"113 F. Supp. 3d 863","date":"2015-07-09","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/7314260\/burke-v-thor-motor-coach-inc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. OPINION .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"4":{"name":"Robert M. Seh Co., Inc. v. O'Donnell","case_number":"081392","citation":"675 S.E.2d 202","date":"2009-04-17","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1058351\/robert-m-seh-co-inc-v-odonnell\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 675 S.E.2d 202 (2009) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"<abbr title=\"Supreme Court of Virginia\">SCV<\/abbr>"},"5":{"name":"Mayberry v. Ememessay, Inc.","case_number":"6:01 CV 0054","citation":"201 F. Supp. 2d 687","date":"2002-05-02","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2481744\/mayberry-v-ememessay-inc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 201 F.Supp.2d 687 (2002) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, W.D. Virginia"},"6":{"name":"Zurich American Insurance v. Public Storage","case_number":"1:09cv1394","citation":"743 F. Supp. 2d 525","date":"2010-09-16","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/2473450\/zurich-american-insurance-v-public-storage\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 743 F.Supp.2d 525 (2010) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"7":{"name":"Mya Saray, LLC v. Al-Amir","case_number":"No. 1:10cv789 (AJT\/TCB)","citation":"831 F. Supp. 2d 922","date":"2011-11-22","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/8711429\/mya-saray-llc-v-al-amir\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. ORDER .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"8":{"name":" .\u202f.\u202f. H.D. Oliver Funeral Apartments, Inc. v. Dignity Funeral .\u202f.\u202f. ","case_number":"Civil Action 2:97cv218","citation":"964 F. Supp. 1033","date":"1997-05-14","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1410013\/hd-oliver-funeral-apartments-inc-v-dignity-funeral-services-inc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 964 F.Supp. 1033 (1997) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"District Court, E.D. Virginia"},"9":{"name":"Lee Polk v. Crown Auto, Incorporated","case_number":"99-2204","citation":"228 F.3d 541","date":"2000-07-21","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/770635\/lee-polk-v-crown-auto-incorporated\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. Affirmed by published per curiam opinion. .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit"}}}},{"id":372745,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-200.1","catch_line":"Prohibited practices; foreclosure rescue","url":"\/59.1-200.1\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-200.1","metadata":false},{"id":372748,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-201","catch_line":"Civil investigative orders","url":"\/59.1-201\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-201","metadata":false},{"id":372747,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-201.1","catch_line":"Attorney General empowered to issue civil investigative demands","url":"\/59.1-201.1\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-201.1","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":372749,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-202","catch_line":"Assurances of voluntary compliance","url":"\/59.1-202\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-202","metadata":false},{"id":372750,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-203","catch_line":"Restraining prohibited acts","url":"\/59.1-203\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-203","metadata":false},{"id":372752,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-204","catch_line":"Individual action for damages or penalty","url":"\/59.1-204\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-204","metadata":false},{"id":372751,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-204.1","catch_line":"Tolling of limitation","url":"\/59.1-204.1\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-204.1","metadata":false},{"id":372753,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-205","catch_line":"Additional relief","url":"\/59.1-205\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-205","metadata":false},{"id":372754,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-206","catch_line":"Civil penalties; attorney fees","url":"\/59.1-206\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-206","metadata":false},{"id":372806,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-207","catch_line":"Unintentional violations","url":"\/59.1-207\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-207","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":372752,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-204","catch_line":"Individual action for damages or penalty","url":"\/59.1-204\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-204","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":372753,"structure_id":53029,"section_number":"59.1-205","catch_line":"Additional relief","url":"\/59.1-205\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-205","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/59.1-204.1\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1988. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 241 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1988 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 1995, chapters <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?951+ful+CHAP0703\">703<\/a> and <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?951+ful+CHAP0726\">726<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":372752,"section_number":"59.1-204","catch_line":"Individual action for damages or penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-204\/"},{"id":377011,"section_number":"8.01-230","catch_line":"Accrual of right of action","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.01-230\/"}],"permalink":{"id":1486823,"object_type":"law","relational_id":372751,"identifier":"59.1-204.1","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-204.1","url":"\/59.1-204.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/59.1-204.1\/","token":"59.1\/17\/59.1-204.1","dublin_core":{"Title":"Tolling of limitation","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 59.1-204.1","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"A\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">A.<\/span> Any individual action pursuant to &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Individual action for damages or penalty\" href=\"\/59.1-204\/\">59.1-204<\/a> for which the right to bring such action first accrues on or after July 1, 1995, shall be commenced within two years after such accrual. The <span class=\"dictionary\">cause of action<\/span> shall accrue as provided in &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Accrual of right of action\" href=\"\/8.01-230\/\">8.01-230<\/a>. <a id=\"paragraph-1390089\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/59.1-204.1\/#A\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section id=\"B\"><p><span class=\"prefix-number\">B.<\/span> When any of the authorized government agencies files suit under this chapter, the time during which such governmental suit and all <span class=\"dictionary\">appeals<\/span> therefrom is pending shall not be counted as any part of the period within which an action under &#xA7; <a class=\"law\" title=\"Individual action for damages or penalty\" href=\"\/59.1-204\/\">59.1-204<\/a> shall be brought. <a id=\"paragraph-1390090\" class=\"section-permalink\" href=\"https:\/\/vacode.org\/59.1-204.1\/#B\"><i class=\"fa fa-link\"><\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nTOLLING OF LIMITATION (\u00a7 59.1-204.1)\n\nA. Any individual action pursuant to &#xA7; 59.1-204 for which the right to\nbring such action first accrues on or after July 1, 1995, shall be commenced\nwithin two years after such accrual. The cause of action shall accrue as\nprovided in &#xA7; 8.01-230.\n\nB. When any of the authorized government agencies files suit under this chapter,\nthe time during which such governmental suit and all appeals therefrom is\npending shall not be counted as any part of the period within which an action\nunder &#xA7; 59.1-204 shall be brought.\n\nHISTORY: 1988, c. 241; 1995, cc. 703, 726.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}