{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/59.1-503.1.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/59.1-503.1.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/59.1-503.1.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/59.1-503.1.html"}],"law_id":373252,"edition_id":2,"section_id":373252,"structure_id":53122,"section_number":"59.1-503.1","catch_line":"Parol or extrinsic evidence","history":"2000, cc. 101, 996.","full_text":"Terms with respect to which confirmatory records of the parties agree or which are otherwise set forth in a record intended by the parties as a final expression of their agreement with respect to terms included therein may not be contradicted by evidence of any previous agreement or of a contemporaneous oral agreement but may be explained or supplemented by:\n\n1\n\ncourse of performance, course of dealing, or usage of trade; and\n\n2\n\nevidence of consistent additional terms, unless the court finds the record to have been intended as a complete and exclusive statement of the terms of the agreement.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1392709,"text":"Terms with respect to which confirmatory records of the parties agree or which are otherwise set forth in a record intended by the parties as a final expression of their agreement with respect to terms included therein may not be contradicted by evidence of any previous agreement or of a contemporaneous oral agreement but may be explained or supplemented by:","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"next_prefix":"1"},"1":{"id":1392710,"text":"course of performance, course of dealing, or usage of trade; 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This law was first created in 2000. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters 101<\/a> and 996<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":[{"id":373236,"section_number":"59.1-502.10","catch_line":"Terms of contract formed by conduct","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-502.10\/"},{"id":373251,"section_number":"59.1-502.9","catch_line":"Mass-market license","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-502.9\/"},{"id":373270,"section_number":"59.1-504.6","catch_line":"Disclaimer or modification of warranty","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-504.6\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1489047,"object_type":"law","relational_id":373252,"identifier":"59.1-503.1","token":"59.1\/43\/3\/59.1-503.1","url":"\/59.1-503.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/59.1-503.1\/","token":"59.1\/43\/3\/59.1-503.1","dublin_core":{"Title":"Parol or extrinsic evidence","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 59.1-503.1","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

Terms with respect to which confirmatory records of the parties agree or which are otherwise set forth in a record intended by the parties as a final expression of their agreement with respect to terms included therein may not be contradicted by evidence<\/span> of any previous agreement or of a contemporaneous oral agreement but may be explained or supplemented by:<\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

1.<\/span> course of performance, course of dealing, or usage of trade; and <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

2.<\/span> evidence<\/span> of consistent additional terms, unless the court<\/span> finds the record to have been intended as a complete and exclusive statement of the terms of the agreement. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPAROL OR EXTRINSIC EVIDENCE (\u00a7 59.1-503.1)\n\nTerms with respect to which confirmatory records of the parties agree or which\nare otherwise set forth in a record intended by the parties as a final\nexpression of their agreement with respect to terms included therein may not be\ncontradicted by evidence of any previous agreement or of a contemporaneous oral\nagreement but may be explained or supplemented by:\n\n1. course of performance, course of dealing, or usage of trade; and\n\n2. evidence of consistent additional terms, unless the court finds the record to\nhave been intended as a complete and exclusive statement of the terms of the\nagreement.\n\nHISTORY: 2000, cc. 101, 996.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}