{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/59.1-529.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/59.1-529.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/59.1-529.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/59.1-529.html"}],"law_id":373362,"edition_id":2,"section_id":373362,"structure_id":53132,"section_number":"59.1-529","catch_line":"Enforcement; penalties","history":"2004, cc. 798, 817.","full_text":"Any violation of this chapter shall constitute a prohibited practice under the provisions of \u00a7 59.1-200 and shall be subject to any and all of the enforcement provisions of Chapter 17 (\u00a7 59.1-196 et seq.) of this title, except that \u00a7 59.1-204 notwithstanding, nothing in this chapter shall create a private cause of action in favor of any person aggrieved by a violation of this chapter.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1393352,"text":"Any violation of this chapter shall constitute a prohibited practice under the provisions of \u00a7 59.1-200 and shall be subject to any and all of the enforcement provisions of Chapter 17 (\u00a7 59.1-196 et seq.) of this title, except that \u00a7 59.1-204 notwithstanding, nothing in this chapter shall create a private cause of action in favor of any person aggrieved by a violation of this chapter.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":53132,"edition_id":2,"name":"Virginia Post-Disaster Anti-Price Gouging Act","identifier":"46","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":84,"parent_id":53010,"metadata":{"child_laws":6,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:11:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:36:36","permalink":{"id":1489485,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53132,"identifier":"46","token":"59.1\/46","url":"\/59.1\/46\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53010,"edition_id":2,"name":"Trade and Commerce","identifier":"59.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":127,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":861,"child_structures":141},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:09:52","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:36:19","permalink":{"id":1486523,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53010,"identifier":"59.1","token":"59.1","url":"\/59.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":373357,"structure_id":53132,"section_number":"59.1-525","catch_line":"Title","url":"\/59.1-525\/","token":"59.1\/46\/59.1-525","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":373358,"structure_id":53132,"section_number":"59.1-526","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/59.1-526\/","token":"59.1\/46\/59.1-526","metadata":false},{"id":373359,"structure_id":53132,"section_number":"59.1-527","catch_line":"Prohibitions","url":"\/59.1-527\/","token":"59.1\/46\/59.1-527","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":373360,"structure_id":53132,"section_number":"59.1-528","catch_line":"Complaint investigations","url":"\/59.1-528\/","token":"59.1\/46\/59.1-528","metadata":false},{"id":373362,"structure_id":53132,"section_number":"59.1-529","catch_line":"Enforcement; penalties","url":"\/59.1-529\/","token":"59.1\/46\/59.1-529","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}},{"id":373361,"structure_id":53132,"section_number":"59.1-529.1","catch_line":"Emergency orders; penalties","url":"\/59.1-529.1\/","token":"59.1\/46\/59.1-529.1","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":373360,"structure_id":53132,"section_number":"59.1-528","catch_line":"Complaint investigations","url":"\/59.1-528\/","token":"59.1\/46\/59.1-528","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":373361,"structure_id":53132,"section_number":"59.1-529.1","catch_line":"Emergency orders; penalties","url":"\/59.1-529.1\/","token":"59.1\/46\/59.1-529.1","metadata":false},"metadata":{"court_decisions":""},"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/59.1-529\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2004. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapters 798<\/a> and 817<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":372741,"section_number":"59.1-196","catch_line":"Title","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-196\/"},{"id":372746,"section_number":"59.1-200","catch_line":"Prohibited practices","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-200\/"},{"id":372752,"section_number":"59.1-204","catch_line":"Individual action for damages or penalty","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-204\/"}],"permalink":{"id":1489503,"object_type":"law","relational_id":373362,"identifier":"59.1-529","token":"59.1\/46\/59.1-529","url":"\/59.1-529\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/59.1-529\/","token":"59.1\/46\/59.1-529","dublin_core":{"Title":"Enforcement; penalties","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 59.1-529","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

Any violation of this chapter shall constitute a prohibited practice under the provisions of \u00a7 59.1-200<\/a> and shall be subject to any and all of the enforcement provisions of Chapter 17 (\u00a7 59.1-196<\/a> et seq.) of this title, except that \u00a7 59.1-204<\/a> notwithstanding, nothing in this chapter shall create a private cause of action<\/span> in favor of any person aggrieved by a violation of this chapter.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nENFORCEMENT; PENALTIES (\u00a7 59.1-529)\n\nAny violation of this chapter shall constitute a prohibited practice under the\nprovisions of \u00a7 59.1-200 and shall be subject to any and all of the enforcement\nprovisions of Chapter 17 (\u00a7 59.1-196 et seq.) of this title, except that \u00a7\n59.1-204 notwithstanding, nothing in this chapter shall create a private cause\nof action in favor of any person aggrieved by a violation of this chapter.\n\nHISTORY: 2004, cc. 798, 817.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}