{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/59.1-9.11.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/59.1-9.11.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/59.1-9.11.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/59.1-9.11.html"}],"law_id":373468,"edition_id":2,"section_id":373468,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.11","catch_line":"Penalty for flagrant violations","history":"1974, c. 545; 2023, c. 522.","full_text":"In any action or proceeding brought under subsection A of \u00a7 59.1-9.15 the court may assess for the benefit of the Commonwealth a civil penalty of not more than $100,000 for each willful or flagrant violation of this chapter. No civil penalty shall be imposed in connection with any violation for which any fine or penalty is imposed pursuant to federal law.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1393899,"text":"In any action or proceeding brought under subsection A of \u00a7 59.1-9.15 the court may assess for the benefit of the Commonwealth a civil penalty of not more than $100,000 for each willful or flagrant violation of this chapter. No civil penalty shall be imposed in connection with any violation for which any fine or penalty is imposed pursuant to federal law.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":53150,"edition_id":2,"name":"Virginia Antitrust Act","identifier":"1.1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":2,"parent_id":53010,"metadata":{"child_laws":18,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:11:36","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:36:19","permalink":{"id":1486531,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53150,"identifier":"1.1","token":"59.1\/1.1","url":"\/59.1\/1.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53010,"edition_id":2,"name":"Trade and Commerce","identifier":"59.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":127,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":861,"child_structures":141},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:09:52","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:36:19","permalink":{"id":1486523,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53010,"identifier":"59.1","token":"59.1","url":"\/59.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":373466,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.1","catch_line":"Short title","url":"\/59.1-9.1\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.1","metadata":false},{"id":373467,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.10","catch_line":"Investigation by Attorney General of suspected violations; civil investigative demand to witnesses; access to business records, etc","url":"\/59.1-9.10\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.10","metadata":false},{"id":373468,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.11","catch_line":"Penalty for flagrant violations","url":"\/59.1-9.11\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.11","metadata":false},{"id":373469,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.12","catch_line":"Personal suit for injunction or actual damages","url":"\/59.1-9.12\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.12","metadata":false},{"id":373470,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.13","catch_line":"Effect of conviction in other proceedings","url":"\/59.1-9.13\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.13","metadata":false},{"id":373471,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.14","catch_line":"Limitation of actions","url":"\/59.1-9.14\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.14","metadata":false},{"id":373472,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.15","catch_line":"Actions on behalf of Commonwealth or localities; injunctive and other equitable relief; damages","url":"\/59.1-9.15\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.15","metadata":false},{"id":373473,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.16","catch_line":"Remedies cumulative","url":"\/59.1-9.16\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.16","metadata":false},{"id":373474,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.17","catch_line":"Construction of chapter","url":"\/59.1-9.17\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.17","metadata":false},{"id":373475,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.18","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/59.1-9.18\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.18","metadata":false},{"id":373476,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.2","catch_line":"Purpose of chapter","url":"\/59.1-9.2\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.2","metadata":false},{"id":373477,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.3","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/59.1-9.3\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.3","metadata":false},{"id":373478,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.4","catch_line":"Certain activities not prohibited","url":"\/59.1-9.4\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.4","metadata":false},{"id":373479,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.5","catch_line":"Contracts, etc., in restraint of trade unlawful","url":"\/59.1-9.5\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.5","metadata":false},{"id":373480,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.6","catch_line":"Monopolies unlawful","url":"\/59.1-9.6\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.6","metadata":false},{"id":373481,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.7","catch_line":"Discriminatory practices unlawful; proof; payment or acceptance of certain commissions, etc., unlawful","url":"\/59.1-9.7\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.7","metadata":false},{"id":373482,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.8","catch_line":"Forum; restraining orders and injunctions; penalties","url":"\/59.1-9.8\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.8","metadata":false},{"id":373483,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.9","catch_line":"Venue","url":"\/59.1-9.9\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.9","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":373467,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.10","catch_line":"Investigation by Attorney General of suspected violations; civil investigative demand to witnesses; access to business records, etc","url":"\/59.1-9.10\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.10","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":373469,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.12","catch_line":"Personal suit for injunction or actual damages","url":"\/59.1-9.12\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.12","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/59.1-9.11\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1974. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 545 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1974 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2023, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?231+ful+CHAP0522\">522<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":373472,"section_number":"59.1-9.15","catch_line":"Actions on behalf of Commonwealth or localities; injunctive and other equitable relief; damages","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-9.15\/"}],"permalink":{"id":1486541,"object_type":"law","relational_id":373468,"identifier":"59.1-9.11","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.11","url":"\/59.1-9.11\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/59.1-9.11\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.11","dublin_core":{"Title":"Penalty for flagrant violations","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 59.1-9.11","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>In any action or proceeding brought under subsection A of \u00a7&nbsp;<a class=\"law\" title=\"Actions on behalf of Commonwealth or localities; injunctive and other equitable relief; damages\" href=\"\/59.1-9.15\/\">59.1-9.15<\/a> the <span class=\"dictionary\">court<\/span> may assess for the benefit of the Commonwealth a civil <span class=\"dictionary\">penalty<\/span> of not more than $100,000 for each willful or flagrant violation of this chapter. No civil <span class=\"dictionary\">penalty<\/span> shall be imposed in connection with any violation for which any fine or <span class=\"dictionary\">penalty<\/span> is imposed pursuant to federal <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPENALTY FOR FLAGRANT VIOLATIONS (\u00a7 59.1-9.11)\n\nIn any action or proceeding brought under subsection A of \u00a7 59.1-9.15 the court\nmay assess for the benefit of the Commonwealth a civil penalty of not more than\n$100,000 for each willful or flagrant violation of this chapter. No civil\npenalty shall be imposed in connection with any violation for which any fine or\npenalty is imposed pursuant to federal law.\n\nHISTORY: 1974, c. 545; 2023, c. 522.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}