{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/59.1-9.12.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/59.1-9.12.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/59.1-9.12.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/59.1-9.12.html"}],"law_id":373469,"edition_id":2,"section_id":373469,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.12","catch_line":"Personal suit for injunction or actual damages","history":"1974, c. 545; 2023, c. 522.","full_text":"A\n\nAny person threatened with injury or damage to his business or property by reason of a violation of this chapter may institute an action or proceeding for injunctive relief, disgorgement, and other forms of equitable monetary relief as the court deems appropriate when and under the same conditions and principles as injunctive relief is granted in other cases.\n\nB\n\nAny person injured in his business or property by reason of a violation of this chapter may recover the actual damages sustained, and, as determined by the court, the costs of suit and reasonable attorney fees. If the trier of facts finds that the violation is willful or flagrant, it may increase damages to an amount not in excess of three times the actual damages sustained.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1393900,"text":"Any person threatened with injury or damage to his business or property by reason of a violation of this chapter may institute an action or proceeding for injunctive relief, disgorgement, and other forms of equitable monetary relief as the court deems appropriate when and under the same conditions and principles as injunctive relief is granted in other cases.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":1393901,"text":"Any person injured in his business or property by reason of a violation of this chapter may recover the actual damages sustained, and, as determined by the court, the costs of suit and reasonable attorney fees. If the trier of facts finds that the violation is willful or flagrant, it may increase damages to an amount not in excess of three times the actual damages sustained.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":53150,"edition_id":2,"name":"Virginia Antitrust Act","identifier":"1.1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":2,"parent_id":53010,"metadata":{"child_laws":18,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:11:36","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:36:19","permalink":{"id":1486531,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53150,"identifier":"1.1","token":"59.1\/1.1","url":"\/59.1\/1.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53010,"edition_id":2,"name":"Trade and Commerce","identifier":"59.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":127,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":861,"child_structures":141},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:09:52","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:36:19","permalink":{"id":1486523,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53010,"identifier":"59.1","token":"59.1","url":"\/59.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":373466,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.1","catch_line":"Short title","url":"\/59.1-9.1\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.1","metadata":false},{"id":373467,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.10","catch_line":"Investigation by Attorney General of suspected violations; civil investigative demand to witnesses; access to business records, etc","url":"\/59.1-9.10\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.10","metadata":false},{"id":373468,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.11","catch_line":"Penalty for flagrant violations","url":"\/59.1-9.11\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.11","metadata":false},{"id":373469,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.12","catch_line":"Personal suit for injunction or actual damages","url":"\/59.1-9.12\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.12","metadata":false},{"id":373470,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.13","catch_line":"Effect of conviction in other proceedings","url":"\/59.1-9.13\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.13","metadata":false},{"id":373471,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.14","catch_line":"Limitation of actions","url":"\/59.1-9.14\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.14","metadata":false},{"id":373472,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.15","catch_line":"Actions on behalf of Commonwealth or localities; injunctive and other equitable relief; damages","url":"\/59.1-9.15\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.15","metadata":false},{"id":373473,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.16","catch_line":"Remedies cumulative","url":"\/59.1-9.16\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.16","metadata":false},{"id":373474,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.17","catch_line":"Construction of chapter","url":"\/59.1-9.17\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.17","metadata":false},{"id":373475,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.18","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/59.1-9.18\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.18","metadata":false},{"id":373476,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.2","catch_line":"Purpose of chapter","url":"\/59.1-9.2\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.2","metadata":false},{"id":373477,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.3","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/59.1-9.3\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.3","metadata":false},{"id":373478,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.4","catch_line":"Certain activities not prohibited","url":"\/59.1-9.4\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.4","metadata":false},{"id":373479,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.5","catch_line":"Contracts, etc., in restraint of trade unlawful","url":"\/59.1-9.5\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.5","metadata":false},{"id":373480,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.6","catch_line":"Monopolies unlawful","url":"\/59.1-9.6\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.6","metadata":false},{"id":373481,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.7","catch_line":"Discriminatory practices unlawful; proof; payment or acceptance of certain commissions, etc., unlawful","url":"\/59.1-9.7\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.7","metadata":false},{"id":373482,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.8","catch_line":"Forum; restraining orders and injunctions; penalties","url":"\/59.1-9.8\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.8","metadata":false},{"id":373483,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.9","catch_line":"Venue","url":"\/59.1-9.9\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.9","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":373468,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.11","catch_line":"Penalty for flagrant violations","url":"\/59.1-9.11\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.11","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":373470,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.13","catch_line":"Effect of conviction in other proceedings","url":"\/59.1-9.13\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.13","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/59.1-9.12\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1974. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 545 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1974 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2023, chapter 522<\/a>.<\/p>","references":[{"id":373470,"section_number":"59.1-9.13","catch_line":"Effect of conviction in other proceedings","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-9.13\/"},{"id":373471,"section_number":"59.1-9.14","catch_line":"Limitation of actions","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-9.14\/"}],"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1486545,"object_type":"law","relational_id":373469,"identifier":"59.1-9.12","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.12","url":"\/59.1-9.12\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/59.1-9.12\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.12","dublin_core":{"Title":"Personal suit for injunction or actual damages","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 59.1-9.12","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> Any person<\/span> threatened with injury or damage to his business or property by reason of a violation of this chapter may institute an action or proceeding for injunctive relief, disgorgement, and other forms of equitable<\/span> monetary relief as the court<\/span> deems appropriate when and under the same conditions and principles as injunctive relief is granted in other cases. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> Any person<\/span> injured in his business or property by reason of a violation of this chapter may recover the actual damages<\/span> sustained, and, as determined by the court<\/span>, the costs of suit and reasonable attorney fees. If the trier of facts<\/span> finds that the violation is willful or flagrant, it may increase damages<\/span> to an amount not in excess of three times the actual damages<\/span> sustained. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nPERSONAL SUIT FOR INJUNCTION OR ACTUAL DAMAGES (\u00a7 59.1-9.12)\n\nA. Any person threatened with injury or damage to his business or property by\nreason of a violation of this chapter may institute an action or proceeding for\ninjunctive relief, disgorgement, and other forms of equitable monetary relief as\nthe court deems appropriate when and under the same conditions and principles as\ninjunctive relief is granted in other cases.\n\nB. Any person injured in his business or property by reason of a violation of\nthis chapter may recover the actual damages sustained, and, as determined by the\ncourt, the costs of suit and reasonable attorney fees. If the trier of facts\nfinds that the violation is willful or flagrant, it may increase damages to an\namount not in excess of three times the actual damages sustained.\n\nHISTORY: 1974, c. 545; 2023, c. 522.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}