{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/59.1-9.14.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/59.1-9.14.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/59.1-9.14.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/59.1-9.14.html"}],"law_id":373471,"edition_id":2,"section_id":373471,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.14","catch_line":"Limitation of actions","history":"1974, c. 545; 2023, c. 522.","full_text":"A\n\nAn action under subsection A of § 59.1-9.15 to recover a civil penalty is barred if it is not commenced within four years after the cause of action accrues.\n\nB\n\nAn action under subsection B of § 59.1-9.12 or subsection B of § 59.1-9.15 to recover damages is barred if it is not commenced within four years after the cause of action accrues, or within one year after the conclusion of any action or proceeding under subsection A of § 59.1-9.15 commenced within or before that time based in whole or in part on any matter complained of in the action for damages, whichever is later.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1393903,"text":"An action under subsection A of § 59.1-9.15 to recover a civil penalty is barred if it is not commenced within four years after the cause of action accrues.","type":"section","prefixes":["A"],"prefix":"A","entire_prefix":"A","prefix_anchor":"A","level":1,"next_prefix":"B"},"1":{"id":1393904,"text":"An action under subsection B of § 59.1-9.12 or subsection B of § 59.1-9.15 to recover damages is barred if it is not commenced within four years after the cause of action accrues, or within one year after the conclusion of any action or proceeding under subsection A of § 59.1-9.15 commenced within or before that time based in whole or in part on any matter complained of in the action for damages, whichever is later.","type":"section","prefixes":["B"],"prefix":"B","entire_prefix":"B","prefix_anchor":"B","level":1,"prior_prefix":"A"}},"ancestry":[{"id":53150,"edition_id":2,"name":"Virginia Antitrust Act","identifier":"1.1","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":2,"parent_id":53010,"metadata":{"child_laws":18,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:11:36","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:36:19","permalink":{"id":1486531,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53150,"identifier":"1.1","token":"59.1\/1.1","url":"\/59.1\/1.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53010,"edition_id":2,"name":"Trade and Commerce","identifier":"59.1","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":127,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":861,"child_structures":141},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:09:52","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:36:19","permalink":{"id":1486523,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53010,"identifier":"59.1","token":"59.1","url":"\/59.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":373466,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.1","catch_line":"Short title","url":"\/59.1-9.1\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.1","metadata":false},{"id":373467,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.10","catch_line":"Investigation by Attorney General of suspected violations; civil investigative demand to witnesses; access to business records, etc","url":"\/59.1-9.10\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.10","metadata":false},{"id":373468,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.11","catch_line":"Penalty for flagrant violations","url":"\/59.1-9.11\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.11","metadata":false},{"id":373469,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.12","catch_line":"Personal suit for injunction or actual damages","url":"\/59.1-9.12\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.12","metadata":false},{"id":373470,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.13","catch_line":"Effect of conviction in other proceedings","url":"\/59.1-9.13\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.13","metadata":false},{"id":373471,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.14","catch_line":"Limitation of actions","url":"\/59.1-9.14\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.14","metadata":false},{"id":373472,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.15","catch_line":"Actions on behalf of Commonwealth or localities; injunctive and other equitable relief; damages","url":"\/59.1-9.15\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.15","metadata":false},{"id":373473,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.16","catch_line":"Remedies cumulative","url":"\/59.1-9.16\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.16","metadata":false},{"id":373474,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.17","catch_line":"Construction of chapter","url":"\/59.1-9.17\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.17","metadata":false},{"id":373475,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.18","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/59.1-9.18\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.18","metadata":false},{"id":373476,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.2","catch_line":"Purpose of chapter","url":"\/59.1-9.2\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.2","metadata":false},{"id":373477,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.3","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/59.1-9.3\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.3","metadata":false},{"id":373478,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.4","catch_line":"Certain activities not prohibited","url":"\/59.1-9.4\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.4","metadata":false},{"id":373479,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.5","catch_line":"Contracts, etc., in restraint of trade unlawful","url":"\/59.1-9.5\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.5","metadata":false},{"id":373480,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.6","catch_line":"Monopolies unlawful","url":"\/59.1-9.6\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.6","metadata":false},{"id":373481,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.7","catch_line":"Discriminatory practices unlawful; proof; payment or acceptance of certain commissions, etc., unlawful","url":"\/59.1-9.7\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.7","metadata":false},{"id":373482,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.8","catch_line":"Forum; restraining orders and injunctions; penalties","url":"\/59.1-9.8\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.8","metadata":false},{"id":373483,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.9","catch_line":"Venue","url":"\/59.1-9.9\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.9","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":373470,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.13","catch_line":"Effect of conviction in other proceedings","url":"\/59.1-9.13\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.13","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":373472,"structure_id":53150,"section_number":"59.1-9.15","catch_line":"Actions on behalf of Commonwealth or localities; injunctive and other equitable relief; damages","url":"\/59.1-9.15\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.15","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/59.1-9.14\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1974. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 545 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1974 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2023, chapter 522<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":373469,"section_number":"59.1-9.12","catch_line":"Personal suit for injunction or actual damages","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-9.12\/"},{"id":373472,"section_number":"59.1-9.15","catch_line":"Actions on behalf of Commonwealth or localities; injunctive and other equitable relief; damages","order_by":null,"url":"\/59.1-9.15\/"}],"permalink":{"id":1486553,"object_type":"law","relational_id":373471,"identifier":"59.1-9.14","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.14","url":"\/59.1-9.14\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/59.1-9.14\/","token":"59.1\/1.1\/59.1-9.14","dublin_core":{"Title":"Limitation of actions","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 59.1-9.14","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

A.<\/span> An action under subsection A of § 59.1-9.15<\/a> to recover a civil penalty<\/span> is barred if it is not commenced within four years after the cause of action<\/span> accrues. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

B.<\/span> An action under subsection B of § 59.1-9.12<\/a> or subsection B of § 59.1-9.15<\/a> to recover damages<\/span> is barred if it is not commenced within four years after the cause of action<\/span> accrues, or within one year after the conclusion of any action or proceeding under subsection A of § 59.1-9.15<\/a> commenced within or before that time based in whole or in part on any matter complained of in the action for damages<\/span>, whichever is later. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nLIMITATION OF ACTIONS (\u00a7 59.1-9.14)\n\nA. An action under subsection A of § 59.1-9.15 to recover a civil penalty\nis barred if it is not commenced within four years after the cause of action\naccrues.\n\nB. An action under subsection B of § 59.1-9.12 or subsection B of §\n59.1-9.15 to recover damages is barred if it is not commenced within four years\nafter the cause of action accrues, or within one year after the conclusion of\nany action or proceeding under subsection A of § 59.1-9.15 commenced within\nor before that time based in whole or in part on any matter complained of in the\naction for damages, whichever is later.\n\nHISTORY: 1974, c. 545; 2023, c. 522.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}