{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/8.01-216.11.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/8.01-216.11.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/8.01-216.11.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/8.01-216.11.html"}],"law_id":376924,"edition_id":2,"section_id":376924,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.11","catch_line":"Civil investigative demands; contents and deadlines","history":"2002, c. 842.","full_text":"Each civil investigative demand issued under this article shall state the nature of the conduct constituting the alleged violation of a false claims law that is under investigation, and the applicable provision of law alleged to be violated.\n\nIf such demand is for the production of documentary material, the demand shall (i) describe each class of documentary material to be produced with such definiteness and certainty as to permit such material to be fairly identified; (ii) prescribe a return date for each such class that will provide a reasonable period of time within which the material so demanded may be assembled and made available for inspection and copying; and (iii) identify the false claims law investigator to whom such material shall be made available.\n\nIf such demand is for answers to written interrogatories, the demand shall (i) set forth with specificity the written interrogatories to be answered; (ii) prescribe dates at which time answers to written interrogatories shall be submitted; and (iii) identify the false claims law investigator to whom such answers shall be submitted.\n\nIf such demand is for the giving of oral testimony, the demand shall (i) prescribe a date, time, and place at which oral testimony shall be commenced; (ii) identify a false claims law investigator who shall conduct the examination and the custodian to whom the transcript of such examination shall be submitted; (iii) specify that such attendance and testimony are necessary to the conduct of the investigation; (iv) notify the person receiving the demand of the right to be accompanied by an attorney and any other representative; and (v) describe the general purpose for which the demand is being issued and the general nature of the testimony, including the primary areas of inquiry that will be taken pursuant to the demand.\n\nAny civil investigative demand that is an express demand for any product of discovery shall not be returned or returnable until twenty-one days after a copy of such demand has been served upon the person from whom the discovery was obtained.\n\nThe date prescribed for the commencement of oral testimony pursuant to a civil investigative demand issued under this article shall be a date that is not less than seven days after the date on which the demand is received, unless the Attorney General determines that exceptional circumstances are present that warrant the commencement of such testimony within a lesser period of time.\n\nThe Attorney General shall not authorize the issuance of more than one civil investigative demand for oral testimony by the same person unless the person requests otherwise or unless the Attorney General, after investigation, notifies that person in writing that an additional demand for oral testimony is necessary.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1406981,"text":"Each civil investigative demand issued under this article shall state the nature of the conduct constituting the alleged violation of a false claims law that is under investigation, and the applicable provision of law alleged to be violated.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"next_prefix":""},"1":{"id":1406982,"text":"If such demand is for the production of documentary material, the demand shall (i) describe each class of documentary material to be produced with such definiteness and certainty as to permit such material to be fairly identified; (ii) prescribe a return date for each such class that will provide a reasonable period of time within which the material so demanded may be assembled and made available for inspection and copying; and (iii) identify the false claims law investigator to whom such material shall be made available.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":""},"2":{"id":1406983,"text":"If such demand is for answers to written interrogatories, the demand shall (i) set forth with specificity the written interrogatories to be answered; (ii) prescribe dates at which time answers to written interrogatories shall be submitted; and (iii) identify the false claims law investigator to whom such answers shall be submitted.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":""},"3":{"id":1406984,"text":"If such demand is for the giving of oral testimony, the demand shall (i) prescribe a date, time, and place at which oral testimony shall be commenced; (ii) identify a false claims law investigator who shall conduct the examination and the custodian to whom the transcript of such examination shall be submitted; (iii) specify that such attendance and testimony are necessary to the conduct of the investigation; (iv) notify the person receiving the demand of the right to be accompanied by an attorney and any other representative; and (v) describe the general purpose for which the demand is being issued and the general nature of the testimony, including the primary areas of inquiry that will be taken pursuant to the demand.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":""},"4":{"id":1406985,"text":"Any civil investigative demand that is an express demand for any product of discovery shall not be returned or returnable until twenty-one days after a copy of such demand has been served upon the person from whom the discovery was obtained.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":""},"5":{"id":1406986,"text":"The date prescribed for the commencement of oral testimony pursuant to a civil investigative demand issued under this article shall be a date that is not less than seven days after the date on which the demand is received, unless the Attorney General determines that exceptional circumstances are present that warrant the commencement of such testimony within a lesser period of time.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"prior_prefix":"","next_prefix":""},"6":{"id":1406987,"text":"The Attorney General shall not authorize the issuance of more than one civil investigative demand for oral testimony by the same person unless the person requests otherwise or unless the Attorney General, after investigation, notifies that person in writing that an additional demand for oral testimony is necessary.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1,"prior_prefix":""}},"ancestry":[{"id":53577,"edition_id":2,"name":"Virginia Fraud Against Taxpayers Act","identifier":"19.1","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":22,"parent_id":53562,"metadata":{"child_laws":19,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:18:50","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:14","permalink":{"id":1507297,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53577,"identifier":"19.1","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1","url":"\/8.01\/3\/19.1\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53562,"edition_id":2,"name":"Actions","identifier":"3","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":5,"parent_id":53558,"metadata":{"child_laws":357,"child_structures":31},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:18:33","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:10","permalink":{"id":1506637,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53562,"identifier":"3","token":"8.01\/3","url":"\/8.01\/3\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53558,"edition_id":2,"name":"Civil Remedies and Procedure","identifier":"8.01","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":12,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":1095,"child_structures":142},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:18:32","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:09","permalink":{"id":1504031,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53558,"identifier":"8.01","token":"8.01","url":"\/8.01\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":376922,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.1","catch_line":"Citation","url":"\/8.01-216.1\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.1","metadata":false},{"id":376923,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.10","catch_line":"Civil investigative demands; 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Commonwealth","case_number":"0782103","citation":"708 S.E.2d 253","date":"2011-05-03","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/1061952\/marshall-v-commonwealth\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. 708 S.E.2d 253 (2011) .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"COA<\/abbr>"},"1":{"name":"Elisabeth Arnold v. City of Norfolk","case_number":"2048231","citation":null,"date":"2025-01-07","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/10310258\/elisabeth-arnold-v-city-of-norfolk\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"COA<\/abbr>"}}}},{"id":376933,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.2","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/8.01-216.2\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.2","metadata":false},{"id":376934,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.3","catch_line":"False claims; civil penalty","url":"\/8.01-216.3\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.3","metadata":false},{"id":376935,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.4","catch_line":"Attorney General; investigation, civil action","url":"\/8.01-216.4\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.4","metadata":false},{"id":376936,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.5","catch_line":"Civil actions filed by private persons; Commonwealth may intervene","url":"\/8.01-216.5\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.5","metadata":false},{"id":376937,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.6","catch_line":"Rights of private plaintiff and Commonwealth","url":"\/8.01-216.6\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.6","metadata":{"court_decisions":{"0":{"name":"Commonwealth v. Commonwealth Ex Rel. Hunter Labs., LLC","case_number":"Record 170995","citation":"817 S.E.2d 318","date":"2018-08-09","url":"https:\/\/www.courtlistener.com\/opinion\/4524915\/commonwealth-v-commonwealth-ex-rel-hunter-labs-llc\/","abstract":" .\u202f.\u202f. OPINION BY JUSTICE STEPHEN R. McCULLOUGH .\u202f.\u202f. ","court_html":"SCV<\/abbr>"}}}},{"id":376938,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.7","catch_line":"Award to private plaintiff","url":"\/8.01-216.7\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.7","metadata":false},{"id":376939,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.8","catch_line":"Certain actions barred; relief from employment discrimination; waiver of sovereign immunity","url":"\/8.01-216.8\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.8","metadata":false},{"id":376940,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.9","catch_line":"Procedure; statute of limitations","url":"\/8.01-216.9\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.9","metadata":{"court_decisions":""}}],"previous_section":{"id":376923,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.10","catch_line":"Civil investigative demands; issuance; sharing information","url":"\/8.01-216.10\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.10","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":376925,"structure_id":53577,"section_number":"8.01-216.12","catch_line":"Civil investigative demands; protected material or information","url":"\/8.01-216.12\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.12","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-216.11\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 2002. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 842<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1507307,"object_type":"law","relational_id":376924,"identifier":"8.01-216.11","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.11","url":"\/8.01-216.11\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.01-216.11\/","token":"8.01\/3\/19.1\/8.01-216.11","dublin_core":{"Title":"Civil investigative demands; contents and deadlines","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.01-216.11","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

Each civil investigative demand issued under this article shall state the nature of the conduct constituting the alleged violation of a false claims<\/span> law<\/span> that is under investigation<\/span>, and the applicable provision of law<\/span> alleged to be violated.<\/p>

If such demand is for the production of documentary material<\/span>, the demand shall (i) describe each class of documentary material<\/span> to be produced with such definiteness and certainty as to permit such material to be fairly identified; (ii) prescribe a return date for each such class that will provide a reasonable period of time within which the material so demanded may be assembled and made available for inspection and copying; and (iii) identify the false claims<\/span> law<\/span> investigator to whom such material shall be made available.<\/p>

If such demand is for answers to written interrogatories<\/span>, the demand shall (i) set forth with specificity the written interrogatories<\/span> to be answered; (ii) prescribe dates at which time answers to written interrogatories<\/span> shall be submitted; and (iii) identify the false claims<\/span> law<\/span> investigator to whom such answers shall be submitted.<\/p>

If such demand is for the giving of oral testimony<\/span>, the demand shall (i) prescribe a date, time, and place at which oral testimony<\/span> shall be commenced; (ii) identify a false claims<\/span> law<\/span> investigator who shall conduct the examination and the custodian to whom the transcript<\/span> of such examination shall be submitted; (iii) specify that such attendance and testimony<\/span> are necessary to the conduct of the investigation<\/span>; (iv) notify the person<\/span> receiving the demand of the right to be accompanied by an attorney and any other representative; and (v) describe the general purpose for which the demand is being issued and the general nature of the testimony<\/span>, including the primary areas of inquiry that will be taken pursuant to the demand.<\/p>

Any civil investigative demand that is an express demand for any product of discovery<\/span> shall not be returned or returnable until twenty-one days after a copy of such demand has been served upon the person<\/span> from whom the discovery was obtained.<\/p>

The date prescribed for the commencement of oral testimony<\/span> pursuant to a civil investigative demand issued under this article shall be a date that is not less than seven days after the date on which the demand is received, unless the Attorney General<\/span> determines that exceptional circumstances are present that warrant the commencement of such testimony<\/span> within a lesser period of time.<\/p>

The Attorney General<\/span> shall not authorize the issuance of more than one civil investigative demand for oral testimony<\/span> by the same person<\/span> unless the person<\/span> requests otherwise or unless the Attorney General<\/span>, after investigation<\/span>, notifies that person<\/span> in writing that an additional demand for oral testimony<\/span> is necessary.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nCIVIL INVESTIGATIVE DEMANDS; CONTENTS AND DEADLINES (\u00a7 8.01-216.11)\n\nEach civil investigative demand issued under this article shall state the nature\nof the conduct constituting the alleged violation of a false claims law that is\nunder investigation, and the applicable provision of law alleged to be violated.\n\nIf such demand is for the production of documentary material, the demand shall\n(i) describe each class of documentary material to be produced with such\ndefiniteness and certainty as to permit such material to be fairly identified;\n(ii) prescribe a return date for each such class that will provide a reasonable\nperiod of time within which the material so demanded may be assembled and made\navailable for inspection and copying; and (iii) identify the false claims law\ninvestigator to whom such material shall be made available.\n\nIf such demand is for answers to written interrogatories, the demand shall (i)\nset forth with specificity the written interrogatories to be answered; (ii)\nprescribe dates at which time answers to written interrogatories shall be\nsubmitted; and (iii) identify the false claims law investigator to whom such\nanswers shall be submitted.\n\nIf such demand is for the giving of oral testimony, the demand shall (i)\nprescribe a date, time, and place at which oral testimony shall be commenced;\n(ii) identify a false claims law investigator who shall conduct the examination\nand the custodian to whom the transcript of such examination shall be submitted;\n(iii) specify that such attendance and testimony are necessary to the conduct of\nthe investigation; (iv) notify the person receiving the demand of the right to\nbe accompanied by an attorney and any other representative; and (v) describe the\ngeneral purpose for which the demand is being issued and the general nature of\nthe testimony, including the primary areas of inquiry that will be taken\npursuant to the demand.\n\nAny civil investigative demand that is an express demand for any product of\ndiscovery shall not be returned or returnable until twenty-one days after a copy\nof such demand has been served upon the person from whom the discovery was\nobtained.\n\nThe date prescribed for the commencement of oral testimony pursuant to a civil\ninvestigative demand issued under this article shall be a date that is not less\nthan seven days after the date on which the demand is received, unless the\nAttorney General determines that exceptional circumstances are present that\nwarrant the commencement of such testimony within a lesser period of time.\n\nThe Attorney General shall not authorize the issuance of more than one civil\ninvestigative demand for oral testimony by the same person unless the person\nrequests otherwise or unless the Attorney General, after investigation, notifies\nthat person in writing that an additional demand for oral testimony is\nnecessary.\n\nHISTORY: 2002, c. 842.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}