{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/8.01-227.23.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/8.01-227.23.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/8.01-227.23.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/8.01-227.23.html"}],"law_id":377000,"edition_id":2,"section_id":377000,"structure_id":53582,"section_number":"8.01-227.23","catch_line":"Applicability of article","history":"2012, c. 713.","full_text":"Any liabilities and presumptions pursuant to this article apply only with regard to actions or potential actions between an operator and a participant or passenger. This article has no applicability to actions between a participant or passenger and any other person.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1407259,"text":"Any liabilities and presumptions pursuant to this article apply only with regard to actions or potential actions between an operator and a participant or passenger. This article has no applicability to actions between a participant or passenger and any other person.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":53582,"edition_id":2,"name":"Winter Sports Safety Act","identifier":"25","label":"article","depth":3,"order_by":27,"parent_id":53562,"metadata":{"child_laws":13,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:18:58","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:15","permalink":{"id":1507643,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53582,"identifier":"25","token":"8.01\/3\/25","url":"\/8.01\/3\/25\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53562,"edition_id":2,"name":"Actions","identifier":"3","label":"chapter","depth":2,"order_by":5,"parent_id":53558,"metadata":{"child_laws":357,"child_structures":31},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:18:33","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:10","permalink":{"id":1506637,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53562,"identifier":"3","token":"8.01\/3","url":"\/8.01\/3\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53558,"edition_id":2,"name":"Civil Remedies and Procedure","identifier":"8.01","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":12,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":1095,"child_structures":142},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:18:32","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:09","permalink":{"id":1504031,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53558,"identifier":"8.01","token":"8.01","url":"\/8.01\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":376988,"structure_id":53582,"section_number":"8.01-227.11","catch_line":"Definitions","url":"\/8.01-227.11\/","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.11","metadata":false},{"id":376989,"structure_id":53582,"section_number":"8.01-227.12","catch_line":"Warnings and other winter sports area operator requirements","url":"\/8.01-227.12\/","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.12","metadata":false},{"id":376990,"structure_id":53582,"section_number":"8.01-227.13","catch_line":"Winter sports area trail maps","url":"\/8.01-227.13\/","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.13","metadata":false},{"id":376991,"structure_id":53582,"section_number":"8.01-227.14","catch_line":"Freestyle terrain","url":"\/8.01-227.14\/","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.14","metadata":false},{"id":376992,"structure_id":53582,"section_number":"8.01-227.15","catch_line":"Winter sports area vehicles","url":"\/8.01-227.15\/","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.15","metadata":false},{"id":376993,"structure_id":53582,"section_number":"8.01-227.16","catch_line":"Passenger tramways","url":"\/8.01-227.16\/","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.16","metadata":false},{"id":376994,"structure_id":53582,"section_number":"8.01-227.17","catch_line":"Duties and responsibilities of winter sports participants and certain other individuals","url":"\/8.01-227.17\/","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.17","metadata":false},{"id":376995,"structure_id":53582,"section_number":"8.01-227.18","catch_line":"Helmets","url":"\/8.01-227.18\/","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.18","metadata":false},{"id":376996,"structure_id":53582,"section_number":"8.01-227.19","catch_line":"Assumption of risks","url":"\/8.01-227.19\/","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.19","metadata":false},{"id":376997,"structure_id":53582,"section_number":"8.01-227.20","catch_line":"Liability of winter sports area operator","url":"\/8.01-227.20\/","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.20","metadata":false},{"id":376998,"structure_id":53582,"section_number":"8.01-227.21","catch_line":"Common law regarding minors","url":"\/8.01-227.21\/","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.21","metadata":false},{"id":376999,"structure_id":53582,"section_number":"8.01-227.22","catch_line":"Failure to fulfill duty or responsibility not negligence per se","url":"\/8.01-227.22\/","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.22","metadata":false},{"id":377000,"structure_id":53582,"section_number":"8.01-227.23","catch_line":"Applicability of article","url":"\/8.01-227.23\/","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.23","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":376999,"structure_id":53582,"section_number":"8.01-227.22","catch_line":"Failure to fulfill duty or responsibility not negligence per se","url":"\/8.01-227.22\/","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.22","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.01-227.23\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 2012. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?121+ful+CHAP0713\">713<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1507693,"object_type":"law","relational_id":377000,"identifier":"8.01-227.23","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.23","url":"\/8.01-227.23\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.01-227.23\/","token":"8.01\/3\/25\/8.01-227.23","dublin_core":{"Title":"Applicability of article","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.01-227.23","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>Any liabilities and <span class=\"dictionary\">presumptions<\/span> pursuant to this article apply only with regard to <span class=\"dictionary\">actions<\/span> or potential <span class=\"dictionary\">actions<\/span> between an <span class=\"dictionary\">operator<\/span> and a <span class=\"dictionary\">participant<\/span> or <span class=\"dictionary\">passenger<\/span>. This article has no applicability to <span class=\"dictionary\">actions<\/span> between a <span class=\"dictionary\">participant<\/span> or <span class=\"dictionary\">passenger<\/span> and any other <span class=\"dictionary\">person<\/span>.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nAPPLICABILITY OF ARTICLE (\u00a7 8.01-227.23)\n\nAny liabilities and presumptions pursuant to this article apply only with regard\nto actions or potential actions between an operator and a participant or\npassenger. This article has no applicability to actions between a participant or\npassenger and any other person.\n\nHISTORY: 2012, c. 713.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}