{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/8.2A-203.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/8.2A-203.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/8.2A-203.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/8.2A-203.html"}],"law_id":378020,"edition_id":2,"section_id":378020,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-203","catch_line":"Seals inoperative","history":"1991, c. 536; 2024, c. 652.","full_text":"The affixing of a seal to a record evidencing a lease contract or an offer to enter into a lease contract does not render the record a sealed instrument and the law with respect to sealed instruments does not apply to the lease contract or offer.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1410087,"text":"The affixing of a seal to a record evidencing a lease contract or an offer to enter into a lease contract does not render the record a sealed instrument and the law with respect to sealed instruments does not apply to the lease contract or offer.","type":"section","prefixes":[""],"prefix":"","entire_prefix":"","prefix_anchor":"","level":1}},"ancestry":[{"id":53723,"edition_id":2,"name":"Formation and Construction of Lease Contract","identifier":"2","label":"part","depth":2,"order_by":2,"parent_id":53721,"metadata":{"child_laws":21,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:21:12","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:30","permalink":{"id":1509409,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53723,"identifier":"2","token":"8.2A\/2","url":"\/8.2A\/2\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53721,"edition_id":2,"name":"Commercial Code \u2014 Leases","identifier":"8.2A","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":17,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":80,"child_structures":8},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:21:10","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:30","permalink":{"id":1509369,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53721,"identifier":"8.2A","token":"8.2A","url":"\/8.2A\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":378018,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-201","catch_line":"Statute of frauds","url":"\/8.2A-201\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-201","metadata":false},{"id":378019,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-202","catch_line":"Final expression: parol or extrinsic evidence","url":"\/8.2A-202\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-202","metadata":false},{"id":378020,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-203","catch_line":"Seals inoperative","url":"\/8.2A-203\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-203","metadata":false},{"id":378021,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-204","catch_line":"Formation in general","url":"\/8.2A-204\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-204","metadata":false},{"id":378022,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-205","catch_line":"Firm offers","url":"\/8.2A-205\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-205","metadata":false},{"id":378023,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-206","catch_line":"Offer and acceptance in formation of lease contract","url":"\/8.2A-206\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-206","metadata":false},{"id":378024,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-207","catch_line":"Repealed","url":"\/8.2A-207\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-207","metadata":false},{"id":378025,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-208","catch_line":"Modification, rescission, and waiver","url":"\/8.2A-208\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-208","metadata":false},{"id":378026,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-209","catch_line":"Lessee under finance lease as beneficiary of supply contract","url":"\/8.2A-209\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-209","metadata":false},{"id":378027,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-210","catch_line":"Express warranties","url":"\/8.2A-210\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-210","metadata":false},{"id":378028,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-211","catch_line":"Warranties against interference and against infringement; lessee's obligation against infringement","url":"\/8.2A-211\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-211","metadata":false},{"id":378029,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-212","catch_line":"Implied warranty of merchantability","url":"\/8.2A-212\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-212","metadata":false},{"id":378030,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-213","catch_line":"Implied warranty of fitness for particular purpose","url":"\/8.2A-213\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-213","metadata":false},{"id":378031,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-214","catch_line":"Exclusion or modification of warranties","url":"\/8.2A-214\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-214","metadata":false},{"id":378032,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-215","catch_line":"Cumulation and conflict of warranties express or implied","url":"\/8.2A-215\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-215","metadata":false},{"id":378033,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-216","catch_line":"Third-party beneficiaries of express and implied warranties","url":"\/8.2A-216\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-216","metadata":false},{"id":378034,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-217","catch_line":"Identification","url":"\/8.2A-217\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-217","metadata":false},{"id":378035,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-218","catch_line":"Insurance and proceeds","url":"\/8.2A-218\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-218","metadata":false},{"id":378036,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-219","catch_line":"Risk of loss","url":"\/8.2A-219\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-219","metadata":false},{"id":378037,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-220","catch_line":"Effect of default on risk of loss","url":"\/8.2A-220\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-220","metadata":false},{"id":378038,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-221","catch_line":"Casualty to identified goods","url":"\/8.2A-221\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-221","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":378019,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-202","catch_line":"Final expression: parol or extrinsic evidence","url":"\/8.2A-202\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-202","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":378021,"structure_id":53723,"section_number":"8.2A-204","catch_line":"Formation in general","url":"\/8.2A-204\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-204","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.2A-203\/","history_text":"<p>This law was first created in 1991. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 536 of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year. Unfortunately, the 1991 \u201cActs\u201d aren\u2019t available online. It has been modified 1 time. Those modifications are cataloged by \u201cThe Acts of Assembly,\u201d a state publication, by year and chapter. Those modifications that can be read on the General Assembly\u2019s website will be linked accordingly. That modification is as follows: in 2024, chapter <a href=\"https:\/\/legacylis.virginia.gov\/cgi-bin\/legp604.exe?241+ful+CHAP0652\">652<\/a>.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":false,"permalink":{"id":1509419,"object_type":"law","relational_id":378020,"identifier":"8.2A-203","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-203","url":"\/8.2A-203\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.2A-203\/","token":"8.2A\/2\/8.2A-203","dublin_core":{"Title":"Seals inoperative","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.2A-203","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section><p>The affixing of a seal to a record evidencing a lease <span class=\"dictionary\">contract<\/span> or an offer to enter into a lease <span class=\"dictionary\">contract<\/span> does not render the record a <span class=\"dictionary\">sealed<\/span> instrument and the <span class=\"dictionary\">law<\/span> with respect to <span class=\"dictionary\">sealed<\/span> instruments does not apply to the lease <span class=\"dictionary\">contract<\/span> or offer.<\/p><\/section>","plain_text":"                                 CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nSEALS INOPERATIVE (\u00a7 8.2A-203)\n\nThe affixing of a seal to a record evidencing a lease contract or an offer to\nenter into a lease contract does not render the record a sealed instrument and\nthe law with respect to sealed instruments does not apply to the lease contract\nor offer.\n\nHISTORY: 1991, c. 536; 2024, c. 652.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}