{"formats":[{"name":"JSON","format":"json","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-json\/8.8A-304.json"},{"name":"Plain Text","format":"text","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-text\/8.8A-304.txt"},{"name":"XML","format":"xml","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-xml\/8.8A-304.xml"},{"name":"HTML","format":"html","url":"\/downloads\/2026\/code-html\/8.8A-304.html"}],"law_id":378331,"edition_id":2,"section_id":378331,"structure_id":53760,"section_number":"8.8A-304","catch_line":"Endorsement","history":"1996, c. 216.","full_text":"a\n\nAn endorsement may be in blank or special. An endorsement in blank includes an endorsement to bearer. A special endorsement specifies to whom a security is to be transferred or who has power to transfer it. A holder may convert a blank endorsement to a special endorsement.\n\nb\n\nAn endorsement purporting to be only of part of a security certificate representing units intended by the issuer to be separately transferable is effective to the extent of the endorsement.\n\nc\n\nAn endorsement, whether special or in blank, does not constitute a transfer until delivery of the certificate on which it appears or, if the endorsement is on a separate document, until delivery of both the document and the certificate.\n\nd\n\nIf a security certificate in registered form has been delivered to a purchaser without a necessary endorsement, the purchaser may become a protected purchaser only when the endorsement is supplied. However, against a transferor, a transfer is complete upon delivery and the purchaser has a specifically enforceable right to have any necessary endorsement supplied.\n\ne\n\nAn endorsement of a security certificate in bearer form may give notice of an adverse claim to the certificate, but it does not otherwise affect a right to registration that the holder possesses.\n\nf\n\nUnless otherwise agreed, a person making an endorsement assumes only the obligations provided in § 8.8A-108 and not an obligation that the security will be honored by the issuer.\n\n","order_by":null,"text":{"0":{"id":1411624,"text":"An endorsement may be in blank or special. An endorsement in blank includes an endorsement to bearer. A special endorsement specifies to whom a security is to be transferred or who has power to transfer it. A holder may convert a blank endorsement to a special endorsement.","type":"section","prefixes":["a"],"prefix":"a","entire_prefix":"a","prefix_anchor":"a","level":1,"next_prefix":"b"},"1":{"id":1411625,"text":"An endorsement purporting to be only of part of a security certificate representing units intended by the issuer to be separately transferable is effective to the extent of the endorsement.","type":"section","prefixes":["b"],"prefix":"b","entire_prefix":"b","prefix_anchor":"b","level":1,"prior_prefix":"a","next_prefix":"c"},"2":{"id":1411626,"text":"An endorsement, whether special or in blank, does not constitute a transfer until delivery of the certificate on which it appears or, if the endorsement is on a separate document, until delivery of both the document and the certificate.","type":"section","prefixes":["c"],"prefix":"c","entire_prefix":"c","prefix_anchor":"c","level":1,"prior_prefix":"b","next_prefix":"d"},"3":{"id":1411627,"text":"If a security certificate in registered form has been delivered to a purchaser without a necessary endorsement, the purchaser may become a protected purchaser only when the endorsement is supplied. However, against a transferor, a transfer is complete upon delivery and the purchaser has a specifically enforceable right to have any necessary endorsement supplied.","type":"section","prefixes":["d"],"prefix":"d","entire_prefix":"d","prefix_anchor":"d","level":1,"prior_prefix":"c","next_prefix":"e"},"4":{"id":1411628,"text":"An endorsement of a security certificate in bearer form may give notice of an adverse claim to the certificate, but it does not otherwise affect a right to registration that the holder possesses.","type":"section","prefixes":["e"],"prefix":"e","entire_prefix":"e","prefix_anchor":"e","level":1,"prior_prefix":"d","next_prefix":"f"},"5":{"id":1411629,"text":"Unless otherwise agreed, a person making an endorsement assumes only the obligations provided in § 8.8A-108 and not an obligation that the security will be honored by the issuer.","type":"section","prefixes":["f"],"prefix":"f","entire_prefix":"f","prefix_anchor":"f","level":1,"prior_prefix":"e"}},"ancestry":[{"id":53760,"edition_id":2,"name":"Transfer of Certificated and Uncertificated Securities","identifier":"3","label":"part","depth":2,"order_by":3,"parent_id":53757,"metadata":{"child_laws":7,"child_structures":0},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:21:51","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:35","permalink":{"id":1510723,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53760,"identifier":"3","token":"8.8A\/3","url":"\/8.8A\/3\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}},{"id":53757,"edition_id":2,"name":"Commercial Code \u2014 Investment Securities","identifier":"8.8A","label":"title","depth":1,"order_by":28,"parent_id":null,"metadata":{"child_laws":52,"child_structures":6},"date_created":"2026-08-02 03:21:46","date_modified":"2026-08-02 12:28:35","permalink":{"id":1510613,"object_type":"structure","relational_id":53757,"identifier":"8.8A","token":"8.8A","url":"\/8.8A\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1}}],"structure_contents":[{"id":378328,"structure_id":53760,"section_number":"8.8A-301","catch_line":"Delivery","url":"\/8.8A-301\/","token":"8.8A\/3\/8.8A-301","metadata":false},{"id":378329,"structure_id":53760,"section_number":"8.8A-302","catch_line":"Rights of purchaser","url":"\/8.8A-302\/","token":"8.8A\/3\/8.8A-302","metadata":false},{"id":378330,"structure_id":53760,"section_number":"8.8A-303","catch_line":"Protected purchaser","url":"\/8.8A-303\/","token":"8.8A\/3\/8.8A-303","metadata":false},{"id":378331,"structure_id":53760,"section_number":"8.8A-304","catch_line":"Endorsement","url":"\/8.8A-304\/","token":"8.8A\/3\/8.8A-304","metadata":false},{"id":378332,"structure_id":53760,"section_number":"8.8A-305","catch_line":"Instruction","url":"\/8.8A-305\/","token":"8.8A\/3\/8.8A-305","metadata":false},{"id":378333,"structure_id":53760,"section_number":"8.8A-306","catch_line":"Effect of guaranteeing signature, endorsement, or instruction","url":"\/8.8A-306\/","token":"8.8A\/3\/8.8A-306","metadata":false},{"id":378334,"structure_id":53760,"section_number":"8.8A-307","catch_line":"Purchaser's right to requisites for registration of transfer","url":"\/8.8A-307\/","token":"8.8A\/3\/8.8A-307","metadata":false}],"previous_section":{"id":378330,"structure_id":53760,"section_number":"8.8A-303","catch_line":"Protected purchaser","url":"\/8.8A-303\/","token":"8.8A\/3\/8.8A-303","metadata":false},"next_section":{"id":378332,"structure_id":53760,"section_number":"8.8A-305","catch_line":"Instruction","url":"\/8.8A-305\/","token":"8.8A\/3\/8.8A-305","metadata":false},"metadata":false,"official_url":"https:\/\/law.lis.virginia.gov\/vacode\/8.8A-304\/","history_text":"

This law was first created in 1996. The record of its establishment is cataloged in chapter 216<\/a> of that year\u2019s edition of \u201cActs of Assembly,\u201d the annual state publication listing all changes made to the Code of Virginia in that year.<\/p>","references":false,"refers_to":[{"id":378309,"section_number":"8.8A-108","catch_line":"Warranties in direct holding","order_by":null,"url":"\/8.8A-108\/"}],"permalink":{"id":1510737,"object_type":"law","relational_id":378331,"identifier":"8.8A-304","token":"8.8A\/3\/8.8A-304","url":"\/8.8A-304\/","edition_id":2,"permalink":0,"preferred":1},"url":"\/8.8A-304\/","token":"8.8A\/3\/8.8A-304","dublin_core":{"Title":"Endorsement","Type":"Text","Format":"text\/html","Identifier":"\u00a7 8.8A-304","Relation":"Code of Virginia"},"html":"\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

a.<\/span> An endorsement may be in blank or special. An endorsement in blank includes an endorsement to bearer. A special endorsement specifies to whom a security is to be transferred or who has power to transfer it. A holder may convert a blank endorsement to a special endorsement. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

b.<\/span> An endorsement purporting to be only of part of a security certificate representing units intended by the issuer to be separately transferable is effective to the extent of the endorsement. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

c.<\/span> An endorsement, whether special or in blank, does not constitute a transfer until delivery of the certificate on which it appears or, if the endorsement is on a separate document, until delivery of both the document and the certificate. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

d.<\/span> If a security certificate in registered form has been delivered to a purchaser without a necessary endorsement, the purchaser may become a protected purchaser only when the endorsement is supplied. However, against a transferor, a transfer is complete upon delivery and the purchaser has a specifically enforceable right to have any necessary endorsement supplied. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

e.<\/span> An endorsement of a security certificate in bearer form may give notice of an adverse claim to the certificate, but it does not otherwise affect a right to registration that the holder possesses. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t

f.<\/span> Unless otherwise agreed, a person making an endorsement assumes only the obligations provided in § 8.8A-108<\/a> and not an obligation that the security will be honored by the issuer. <\/i><\/a><\/p><\/section>","plain_text":" CODE OF VIRGINIA\n\nENDORSEMENT (\u00a7 8.8A-304)\n\na. An endorsement may be in blank or special. An endorsement in blank includes\nan endorsement to bearer. A special endorsement specifies to whom a security is\nto be transferred or who has power to transfer it. A holder may convert a blank\nendorsement to a special endorsement.\n\nb. An endorsement purporting to be only of part of a security certificate\nrepresenting units intended by the issuer to be separately transferable is\neffective to the extent of the endorsement.\n\nc. An endorsement, whether special or in blank, does not constitute a transfer\nuntil delivery of the certificate on which it appears or, if the endorsement is\non a separate document, until delivery of both the document and the certificate.\n\nd. If a security certificate in registered form has been delivered to a\npurchaser without a necessary endorsement, the purchaser may become a protected\npurchaser only when the endorsement is supplied. However, against a transferor,\na transfer is complete upon delivery and the purchaser has a specifically\nenforceable right to have any necessary endorsement supplied.\n\ne. An endorsement of a security certificate in bearer form may give notice of an\nadverse claim to the certificate, but it does not otherwise affect a right to\nregistration that the holder possesses.\n\nf. Unless otherwise agreed, a person making an endorsement assumes only the\nobligations provided in § 8.8A-108 and not an obligation that the security\nwill be honored by the issuer.\n\nHISTORY: 1996, c. 216.","edition":{"id":2,"name":"2026","slug":"2026","date_created":"2026-07-16 18:40:23","date_modified":"2026-08-02 15:14:36","current":1,"order_by":2,"last_import":"2026-08-02 12:37:30"}}