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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>346339</law_id><section_number>13.1-1040.1</section_number><catch_line>Events causing member&amp;#8217;s dissociation</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2026/" slug="2026" current="TRUE" last_updated="2026-08-02">2026</edition><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="44" identifier="13.1">Corporations</unit><unit label="chapter" level="2" order_by="15" identifier="12">Virginia Limited Liability Company Act</unit><unit label="article" level="3" order_by="7" identifier="7">Rights of and Assignment by Members</unit></structure><text>
						<section><p>Except as otherwise provided in the <span class="dictionary">articles of organization</span> or an <span class="dictionary">operating agreement</span>, a <span class="dictionary">member</span> is dissociated from a <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> upon the occurrence of any of the following events:</p></section>
						<section id="1"><p><span class="prefix-number">1.</span> To the extent resignation of a <span class="dictionary">member</span> is provided for in writing in the <span class="dictionary">articles of organization</span> or an <span class="dictionary">operating agreement</span>, the <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span>&#x2019;s having notice of the <span class="dictionary">member</span>&#x2019;s express will to resign as a <span class="dictionary">member</span> on a later date specified by the <span class="dictionary">member</span> in the notice or, if no later date is specified, the date of notice; <a id="paragraph-1291061" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1040.1/#1"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="2"><p><span class="prefix-number">2.</span> An event agreed to in the <span class="dictionary">articles of organization</span> or an <span class="dictionary">operating agreement</span> as causing the <span class="dictionary">member</span>&#x2019;s dissociation; <a id="paragraph-1291062" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1040.1/#2"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="3"><p><span class="prefix-number">3.</span> The <span class="dictionary">member</span>&#x2019;s expulsion pursuant to the <span class="dictionary">articles of organization</span> or an <span class="dictionary">operating agreement</span>; <a id="paragraph-1291063" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1040.1/#3"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="4"><p><span class="prefix-number">4.</span> The <span class="dictionary">member</span>&#x2019;s expulsion by the unanimous vote of the other <span class="dictionary">members</span> if:
			a. It is unlawful to carry on the business of the <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> with that <span class="dictionary">member</span>; or<br/><br/>			b. There has been an assignment or <span class="dictionary">transfer</span> of all or substantially all of that <span class="dictionary">member</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">membership interest</span>, other than a <span class="dictionary">transfer</span> for security purposes or a <span class="dictionary">court order</span> charging the <span class="dictionary">member</span>&#x2019;s interest; <a id="paragraph-1291064" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1040.1/#4"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="5"><p><span class="prefix-number">5.</span> On application by the <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> or another <span class="dictionary">member</span>, the <span class="dictionary">member</span>&#x2019;s expulsion by judicial determination because:
			a. The <span class="dictionary">member</span> engaged in wrongful conduct that adversely and materially affected the business of the <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span>;<br/><br/>			b. The <span class="dictionary">member</span> willfully or persistently committed a <span class="dictionary">material</span> breach of the <span class="dictionary">articles of organization</span> or an <span class="dictionary">operating agreement</span>; or<br/><br/>			c. The <span class="dictionary">member</span> engaged in conduct relating to the business of the <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> which makes it not reasonably practicable to carry on the business with the <span class="dictionary">member</span>; <a id="paragraph-1291065" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1040.1/#5"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="6"><p><span class="prefix-number">6.</span> The <span class="dictionary">member</span>&#x2019;s:
			a. Becoming a debtor in <span class="dictionary">bankruptcy</span>;<br/><br/>			b. Executing an assignment for the benefit of <span class="dictionary">creditors</span>;<br/><br/>			c. Seeking, consenting to, or acquiescing in the appointment of a trustee, receiver, or liquidator of that <span class="dictionary">member</span> or of all or substantially all of that <span class="dictionary">member</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">property</span>; or<br/><br/>			d. Failing, within ninety days after the appointment, to have vacated or stayed the appointment of a trustee, receiver, or liquidator of the <span class="dictionary">member</span> or of all or substantially all of the <span class="dictionary">member</span>&#x2019;s <span class="dictionary">property</span> obtained without the <span class="dictionary">member</span>&#x2019;s consent or acquiescence, or failing within ninety days after the expiration of a <span class="dictionary">stay</span> to have the appointment vacated; <a id="paragraph-1291066" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1040.1/#6"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="7"><p><span class="prefix-number">7.</span> In the case of a <span class="dictionary">member</span> who is an individual:
			a. The <span class="dictionary">member</span>&#x2019;s death;<br/><br/>			b. The appointment of a guardian, committee or conservator for the <span class="dictionary">member</span>; or<br/><br/>			c. A judicial determination that the <span class="dictionary">member</span> has otherwise become incapable of performing the <span class="dictionary">member</span>&#x2019;s duties under the <span class="dictionary">articles of organization</span> or an <span class="dictionary">operating agreement</span>; <a id="paragraph-1291067" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1040.1/#7"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="8"><p><span class="prefix-number">8.</span> In the case of a <span class="dictionary">member</span> that is a trust or is acting as a <span class="dictionary">member</span> by virtue of being a trustee of a trust, <span class="dictionary">distribution</span> of the trust&#x2019;s entire transferable interest in the <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span>, but not merely by reason of the substitution of a successor trustee; <a id="paragraph-1291068" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1040.1/#8"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="9"><p><span class="prefix-number">9.</span> In the case of a <span class="dictionary">member</span> that is an estate or is acting as a <span class="dictionary">member</span> by virtue of being a personal representative of an estate, <span class="dictionary">distribution</span> of the estate&#x2019;s entire transferable interest in the <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span>, but not merely by reason of the substitution of a successor personal representative; <a id="paragraph-1291069" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1040.1/#9"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="10"><p><span class="prefix-number">10.</span> Termination of a <span class="dictionary">member</span> who is not an individual, partnership, corporation, <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span>, trust, or estate; <a id="paragraph-1291070" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1040.1/#10"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="11"><p><span class="prefix-number">11.</span> The expiration of ninety days after the <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> notifies a corporate <span class="dictionary">member</span> that it will be expelled because it has filed articles of dissolution or the equivalent, its existence has been terminated or its charter has been revoked, or its right to conduct business has been suspended by the <span class="dictionary">jurisdiction</span> of its incorporation, if there is no <span class="dictionary">revocation</span> of the certificate of dissolution or no reinstatement of its existence, its charter or its right to conduct business; or <a id="paragraph-1291071" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1040.1/#11"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="12"><p><span class="prefix-number">12.</span> A partnership or <span class="dictionary">limited liability company</span> that is a <span class="dictionary">member</span> has been dissolved and its business is being wound up. <a id="paragraph-1291072" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/13.1-1040.1/#12"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1998, c. 432; 2002, c. 288; 2009, c. 763.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
