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<law><site_title>Virginia Decoded</site_title><site_url>https://vacode.org</site_url><law_id>378331</law_id><section_number>8.8A-304</section_number><catch_line>Endorsement</catch_line><edition url="https://vacode.org/2026/" slug="2026" current="TRUE" last_updated="2026-08-02">2026</edition><structure><unit label="title" level="1" order_by="28" identifier="8.8A">Commercial Code &#x2014; Investment Securities</unit><unit label="part" level="2" order_by="3" identifier="3">Transfer of Certificated and Uncertificated Securities</unit></structure><text>
						<section id="a"><p><span class="prefix-number">a.</span> An endorsement may be in blank or special. An endorsement in blank includes an endorsement to bearer. A special endorsement specifies to whom a security is to be transferred or who has power to transfer it. A holder may convert a blank endorsement to a special endorsement. <a id="paragraph-1411624" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.8A-304/#a"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="b"><p><span class="prefix-number">b.</span> An endorsement purporting to be only of part of a security certificate representing units intended by the issuer to be separately transferable is effective to the extent of the endorsement. <a id="paragraph-1411625" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.8A-304/#b"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="c"><p><span class="prefix-number">c.</span> An endorsement, whether special or in blank, does not constitute a transfer until delivery of the certificate on which it appears or, if the endorsement is on a separate document, until delivery of both the document and the certificate. <a id="paragraph-1411626" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.8A-304/#c"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="d"><p><span class="prefix-number">d.</span> If a security certificate in registered form has been delivered to a purchaser without a necessary endorsement, the purchaser may become a protected purchaser only when the endorsement is supplied. However, against a transferor, a transfer is complete upon delivery and the purchaser has a specifically enforceable right to have any necessary endorsement supplied. <a id="paragraph-1411627" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.8A-304/#d"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="e"><p><span class="prefix-number">e.</span> An endorsement of a security certificate in bearer form may give notice of an adverse claim to the certificate, but it does not otherwise affect a right to registration that the holder possesses. <a id="paragraph-1411628" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.8A-304/#e"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section>
						<section id="f"><p><span class="prefix-number">f.</span> Unless otherwise agreed, a person making an endorsement assumes only the obligations provided in &#xA7; <a class="law" title="Warranties in direct holding" href="/8.8A-108/">8.8A-108</a> and not an obligation that the security will be honored by the issuer. <a id="paragraph-1411629" class="section-permalink" href="https://vacode.org/8.8A-304/#f"><i class="fa fa-link"/></a></p></section></text><history>1996, c. 216.</history><metadata></metadata></law>
